Parts of speech can have several features: person, number, honor, and proximity. Person can be 1st (me), 2nd (you), or 3rd (them). Number can be singular (me) or plural (us). These two should be familiar to English speakers.
Honor can be intimate, familiar, or polite. Proximity, for 3rd person, can be here, there, elsewhere.
Animacy is another curious feature. Nouns and 3rd person pronouns can be either animate or inanimate. Inanimate nouns are marked with the suffix -ṭā for singular or -gā for plural. The same suffixes can be used to convert animate pronouns into inanimate pronouns. For example, se (they) can become se-ṭā (that). In spite of general conventions, the difference between what counts as animate and inanimate is somewhat blurry, and can sometimes become even very subjective. Humans, mammals, birds, and gods are animate. Things, plants, insects, and settlements are inanimate.
Gahaḷā does not have grammatical gender.
Gahaḷā, Bengali, and Odia, being eastern Māgadhan languages, share much of their grammar. Māgadhan languages descend from Abahattha, which descends from Māgadhan Apabhraṃśa, which in turn descends from Māgadhī Prākrit.